Recent investigations reveal that ESC modulates critical signaling pathways, including NF-B, Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE), and mitochondrial apoptotic cascades, across multiple disease contexts encompassing dermatology, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, hepatorenal protection, and malignant transformation
Chuammitri, P., Srikok, S., Saipinta, D
Global prevalence and epidemiological trends of Hashimotos thyroiditis in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
22 , e13130 (2021)
It is frequently used in studies examining redox balance, cellular protection, and how biological systems respond to environmental stressors
For monotherapy (as a supplement for those who want to avoid medical therapy), its effects are marginal at best